feat: add Phase 3 hybrid search with Synesis reranking

Implement hybrid search pipeline combining vector, fulltext, and graph
search across Neo4j, with cross-attention reranking via Synesis
(Qwen3-VL-Reranker-2B) `/v1/rerank` endpoint.

- Add SearchService with vector, fulltext, and graph search strategies
- Add SynesisRerankerClient for multimodal reranking via HTTP API
- Add search API endpoint (POST /search/) with filtering by library,
  collection, and library_type
- Add SearchRequest/Response serializers and image search results
- Add "nonfiction" to library_type choices
- Consolidate reranker stack from two models to single Synesis service
- Handle image analysis_status as "skipped" when analysis is unavailable
- Add comprehensive tests for search pipeline and reranker client
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# Phase 3: Search & Re-ranking
## Objective
Build the complete hybrid search pipeline: accept a query → embed it → search Neo4j (vector + full-text + graph traversal) → fuse candidates → re-rank via Synesis → return ranked results with content-type context. At the end of this phase, content is discoverable through multiple search modalities, ranked by cross-attention relevance, and ready for Phase 4's RAG generation.
## Heritage
The hybrid search architecture adapts patterns from [Spelunker](https://git.helu.ca/r/spelunker)'s two-stage retrieval pipeline — vector recall + cross-attention re-ranking — enhanced with knowledge graph traversal, multimodal search, and content-type-aware re-ranking instructions.
## Architecture Overview
```
User Query (text, optional image, optional filters)
├─→ Vector Search (Neo4j vector index — Chunk.embedding)
│ → Top-K nearest neighbors by cosine similarity
├─→ Full-Text Search (Neo4j fulltext index — Chunk.text_preview, Concept.name)
│ → BM25-scored matches
├─→ Graph Search (Cypher traversal)
│ → Concept-linked chunks via MENTIONS/REFERENCES/DEPICTS edges
└─→ Image Search (Neo4j vector index — ImageEmbedding.embedding)
→ Multimodal similarity (text-to-image in unified vector space)
└─→ Candidate Fusion (Reciprocal Rank Fusion)
→ Deduplicated, scored candidate list
└─→ Re-ranking (Synesis /v1/rerank)
→ Content-type-aware instruction injection
→ Cross-attention precision scoring
└─→ Final ranked results with metadata
```
## Synesis Integration
[Synesis](docs/synesis_api_usage_guide.html) is a custom FastAPI service built around Qwen3-VL-2B, providing both embedding and re-ranking over a clean REST API. It runs on `pan.helu.ca:8400`.
**Embedding** (Phase 2, already working): Synesis's `/v1/embeddings` endpoint is OpenAI-compatible — the existing `EmbeddingClient` handles it with `api_type="openai"`.
**Re-ranking** (Phase 3, new): Synesis's `/v1/rerank` endpoint provides:
- Native `instruction` parameter — maps directly to `reranker_instruction` from content types
- `top_n` for server-side truncation
- Multimodal support — both query and documents can include images
- Relevance scores for each candidate
```python
# Synesis rerank request
POST http://pan.helu.ca:8400/v1/rerank
{
"query": {"text": "How do I configure a 3-phase motor?"},
"documents": [
{"text": "The motor controller requires..."},
{"text": "3-phase power is distributed..."}
],
"instruction": "Re-rank passages from technical documentation based on procedural relevance.",
"top_n": 10
}
```
## Deliverables
### 1. Search Service (`library/services/search.py`)
The core search orchestrator. Accepts a `SearchRequest`, dispatches to individual search backends, fuses results, and optionally re-ranks.
#### SearchRequest
```python
@dataclass
class SearchRequest:
query: str # Natural language query text
query_image: bytes | None = None # Optional image for multimodal search
library_uid: str | None = None # Scope to specific library
library_type: str | None = None # Scope to library type
collection_uid: str | None = None # Scope to specific collection
search_types: list[str] # ["vector", "fulltext", "graph"]
limit: int = 20 # Max results after fusion
vector_top_k: int = 50 # Candidates from vector search
fulltext_top_k: int = 30 # Candidates from fulltext search
graph_max_depth: int = 2 # Graph traversal depth
rerank: bool = True # Apply re-ranking
include_images: bool = True # Include image results
```
#### SearchResponse
```python
@dataclass
class SearchCandidate:
chunk_uid: str
item_uid: str
item_title: str
library_type: str
text_preview: str
chunk_s3_key: str
chunk_index: int
score: float # Final score (post-fusion or post-rerank)
source: str # "vector", "fulltext", "graph"
metadata: dict # Page, section, nearby images, etc.
@dataclass
class ImageSearchResult:
image_uid: str
item_uid: str
item_title: str
image_type: str
description: str
s3_key: str
score: float
source: str # "vector", "graph"
@dataclass
class SearchResponse:
query: str
candidates: list[SearchCandidate] # Ranked text results
images: list[ImageSearchResult] # Ranked image results
total_candidates: int # Pre-fusion candidate count
search_time_ms: float
reranker_used: bool
reranker_model: str | None
search_types_used: list[str]
```
### 2. Vector Search
Uses Neo4j's `db.index.vector.queryNodes()` against `chunk_embedding_index`.
- Embed query text using system embedding model (via existing `EmbeddingClient`)
- Prepend library's `embedding_instruction` when scoped to a specific library
- Query Neo4j vector index for top-K Chunk nodes by cosine similarity
- Filter by library/collection via graph pattern matching
```cypher
CALL db.index.vector.queryNodes('chunk_embedding_index', $top_k, $query_vector)
YIELD node AS chunk, score
MATCH (item:Item)-[:HAS_CHUNK]->(chunk)
OPTIONAL MATCH (lib:Library)-[:CONTAINS]->(col:Collection)-[:CONTAINS]->(item)
WHERE ($library_uid IS NULL OR lib.uid = $library_uid)
AND ($library_type IS NULL OR lib.library_type = $library_type)
AND ($collection_uid IS NULL OR col.uid = $collection_uid)
RETURN chunk.uid AS chunk_uid, chunk.text_preview AS text_preview,
chunk.chunk_s3_key AS chunk_s3_key, chunk.chunk_index AS chunk_index,
item.uid AS item_uid, item.title AS item_title,
lib.library_type AS library_type, score
ORDER BY score DESC
LIMIT $top_k
```
### 3. Full-Text Search
Uses Neo4j fulltext indexes created by `setup_neo4j_indexes`.
- Query `chunk_text_fulltext` for Chunk matches (BM25)
- Query `concept_name_fulltext` for Concept matches → traverse to connected Chunks
- Query `item_title_fulltext` for Item title matches → get their Chunks
- Normalize BM25 scores to 0-1 range for fusion compatibility
```cypher
-- Chunk full-text search
CALL db.index.fulltext.queryNodes('chunk_text_fulltext', $query)
YIELD node AS chunk, score
MATCH (item:Item)-[:HAS_CHUNK]->(chunk)
OPTIONAL MATCH (lib:Library)-[:CONTAINS]->(col:Collection)-[:CONTAINS]->(item)
WHERE ($library_uid IS NULL OR lib.uid = $library_uid)
RETURN chunk.uid AS chunk_uid, chunk.text_preview AS text_preview,
item.uid AS item_uid, item.title AS item_title,
lib.library_type AS library_type, score
ORDER BY score DESC
LIMIT $top_k
-- Concept-to-Chunk traversal
CALL db.index.fulltext.queryNodes('concept_name_fulltext', $query)
YIELD node AS concept, score AS concept_score
MATCH (chunk:Chunk)-[:MENTIONS]->(concept)
MATCH (item:Item)-[:HAS_CHUNK]->(chunk)
RETURN chunk.uid AS chunk_uid, chunk.text_preview AS text_preview,
item.uid AS item_uid, item.title AS item_title,
concept_score * 0.8 AS score
```
### 4. Graph Search
Knowledge-graph-powered discovery — the differentiator from standard RAG.
- Match query terms against Concept names via fulltext index
- Traverse `Concept ←[MENTIONS]- Chunk ←[HAS_CHUNK]- Item`
- Expand via `Concept -[RELATED_TO]- Concept` for secondary connections
- Score based on relationship weight and traversal depth
```cypher
-- Concept graph traversal
CALL db.index.fulltext.queryNodes('concept_name_fulltext', $query)
YIELD node AS concept, score
MATCH path = (concept)<-[:MENTIONS|REFERENCES*1..2]-(connected)
WHERE connected:Chunk OR connected:Item
WITH concept, connected, score, length(path) AS depth
MATCH (item:Item)-[:HAS_CHUNK]->(chunk)
WHERE chunk = connected OR item = connected
RETURN DISTINCT chunk.uid AS chunk_uid, chunk.text_preview AS text_preview,
item.uid AS item_uid, item.title AS item_title,
score / (depth * 0.5 + 1) AS score
```
### 5. Image Search
Multimodal vector search against `image_embedding_index`.
- Embed query text (or image) using system embedding model
- Search `ImageEmbedding` vectors in unified multimodal space
- Return with Image descriptions, OCR text, and Item associations from Phase 2B
- Also include images found via concept graph DEPICTS relationships
### 6. Candidate Fusion (`library/services/fusion.py`)
Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF) — parameter-light, proven in Spelunker.
```python
def reciprocal_rank_fusion(
result_lists: list[list[SearchCandidate]],
k: int = 60,
) -> list[SearchCandidate]:
"""
RRF score = Σ 1 / (k + rank_i) for each list containing the candidate.
Candidates in multiple lists get boosted.
"""
```
- Deduplicates candidates by `chunk_uid`
- Candidates appearing in multiple search types get naturally boosted
- Sort by fused score descending, trim to `limit`
### 7. Re-ranking Client (`library/services/reranker.py`)
Targets Synesis's `POST /v1/rerank` endpoint. Wraps the system reranker model's API configuration.
#### Synesis Backend
```python
class RerankerClient:
def rerank(
self,
query: str,
candidates: list[SearchCandidate],
instruction: str = "",
top_n: int | None = None,
query_image: bytes | None = None,
) -> list[SearchCandidate]:
"""
Re-rank candidates via Synesis /v1/rerank.
Injects content-type reranker_instruction as the instruction parameter.
"""
```
Features:
- Uses `text_preview` (500 chars) for document text — avoids S3 round-trips
- Prepends library's `reranker_instruction` as the `instruction` parameter
- Supports multimodal queries (text + image)
- Falls back gracefully when no reranker model configured
- Tracks usage via `LLMUsage` with `purpose="reranking"`
### 8. Search API Endpoints
New endpoints in `library/api/`:
| Method | Route | Purpose |
|--------|-------|---------|
| `POST` | `/api/v1/library/search/` | Full hybrid search + re-rank |
| `POST` | `/api/v1/library/search/vector/` | Vector-only search (debugging) |
| `POST` | `/api/v1/library/search/fulltext/` | Full-text-only search (debugging) |
| `GET` | `/api/v1/library/concepts/` | List/search concepts |
| `GET` | `/api/v1/library/concepts/<uid>/graph/` | Concept neighborhood graph |
### 9. Search UI Views
| URL | View | Purpose |
|-----|------|---------|
| `/library/search/` | `search` | Search page with query input + filters |
| `/library/concepts/` | `concept_list` | Browse concepts with search |
| `/library/concepts/<uid>/` | `concept_detail` | Single concept with connections |
### 10. Prometheus Metrics
| Metric | Type | Labels | Purpose |
|--------|------|--------|---------|
| `mnemosyne_search_requests_total` | Counter | search_type, library_type | Search throughput |
| `mnemosyne_search_duration_seconds` | Histogram | search_type | Per-search-type latency |
| `mnemosyne_search_candidates_total` | Histogram | search_type | Candidates per search type |
| `mnemosyne_fusion_duration_seconds` | Histogram | — | Fusion latency |
| `mnemosyne_rerank_requests_total` | Counter | model_name, status | Re-rank throughput |
| `mnemosyne_rerank_duration_seconds` | Histogram | model_name | Re-rank latency |
| `mnemosyne_rerank_candidates` | Histogram | — | Candidates sent to reranker |
| `mnemosyne_search_total_duration_seconds` | Histogram | — | End-to-end search latency |
### 11. Management Commands
| Command | Purpose |
|---------|---------|
| `search <query> [--library-uid] [--limit] [--no-rerank]` | CLI search for testing |
| `search_stats` | Search index statistics |
### 12. Settings
```python
# Search configuration
SEARCH_VECTOR_TOP_K = env.int("SEARCH_VECTOR_TOP_K", default=50)
SEARCH_FULLTEXT_TOP_K = env.int("SEARCH_FULLTEXT_TOP_K", default=30)
SEARCH_GRAPH_MAX_DEPTH = env.int("SEARCH_GRAPH_MAX_DEPTH", default=2)
SEARCH_RRF_K = env.int("SEARCH_RRF_K", default=60)
SEARCH_DEFAULT_LIMIT = env.int("SEARCH_DEFAULT_LIMIT", default=20)
RERANKER_MAX_CANDIDATES = env.int("RERANKER_MAX_CANDIDATES", default=32)
RERANKER_TIMEOUT = env.int("RERANKER_TIMEOUT", default=30)
```
## File Structure
```
mnemosyne/library/
├── services/
│ ├── search.py # NEW — SearchService orchestrator
│ ├── fusion.py # NEW — Reciprocal Rank Fusion
│ ├── reranker.py # NEW — Synesis re-ranking client
│ └── ... # Existing services unchanged
├── metrics.py # Modified — add search/rerank metrics
├── views.py # Modified — add search UI views
├── urls.py # Modified — add search routes
├── api/
│ ├── views.py # Modified — add search API endpoints
│ ├── serializers.py # Modified — add search serializers
│ └── urls.py # Modified — add search API routes
├── management/commands/
│ ├── search.py # NEW — CLI search command
│ └── search_stats.py # NEW — Index statistics
├── templates/library/
│ ├── search.html # NEW — Search page
│ ├── concept_list.html # NEW — Concept browser
│ └── concept_detail.html # NEW — Concept detail
└── tests/
├── test_search.py # NEW — Search service tests
├── test_fusion.py # NEW — RRF fusion tests
├── test_reranker.py # NEW — Re-ranking client tests
└── test_search_api.py # NEW — Search API endpoint tests
```
## Dependencies
No new Python dependencies required. Phase 3 uses:
- `neomodel` + raw Cypher (Neo4j search)
- `requests` (Synesis reranker HTTP)
- `EmbeddingClient` from Phase 2 (query embedding)
- `prometheus_client` (metrics)
## Testing Strategy
All tests use Django `TestCase`. External services mocked.
| Test File | Scope |
|-----------|-------|
| `test_search.py` | SearchService orchestration, individual search methods, library/collection scoping |
| `test_fusion.py` | RRF correctness, deduplication, score calculation, edge cases |
| `test_reranker.py` | Synesis backend (mocked HTTP), instruction injection, graceful fallback |
| `test_search_api.py` | API endpoints, request validation, response format |
## Success Criteria
- [ ] Vector search returns Chunk nodes ranked by cosine similarity from Neo4j
- [ ] Full-text search returns matches from Neo4j fulltext indexes
- [ ] Graph search traverses Concept relationships to discover related content
- [ ] Image search returns images via multimodal vector similarity
- [ ] Reciprocal Rank Fusion correctly merges and deduplicates across search types
- [ ] Re-ranking via Synesis `/v1/rerank` re-scores candidates with cross-attention
- [ ] Content-type `reranker_instruction` injected per library type
- [ ] Search scoping works (by library, library type, collection)
- [ ] Search gracefully degrades: no reranker → skip; no embedding model → clear error
- [ ] Search API endpoints return structured results with scores and metadata
- [ ] Search UI allows querying with filters and displays ranked results
- [ ] Concept explorer allows browsing the knowledge graph
- [ ] Prometheus metrics track search throughput, latency, and candidate counts
- [ ] CLI search command works for testing
- [ ] All tests pass with mocked external services